Online Shopping As A Whole Has Impacted Consumer Behaviors

Online shopping as a whole has impacted consumer behaviors and with Amazon being one of the biggest retailers it has had a significant impact on its consumers’ behavior. The days of having no option but to visit a physical location to conduct shopping are practically forgotten now. What started out as just an online bookstore in 1994 is now a contender for the number one retailer spot currently held by Walmart. Typically, the limited space available in any physical store selling books or CDs, and the fact that browsing physical catalogues took time, meant that a digital store for books and CDs would overcome the two major challenges with shopping for books and CDs at a physical store. Being a digital retailer allowed Amazon to have†¦show more content†¦What made Amazon stand out from the rest and therefore allow it to survive once the bubble burst was that it was focused on long term market leadership to create shareholder value compared to short-term profitability which was the goal of most other companies. Aforementioned is the idea that Amazon carved out a niche for itself. However, in hindsight, they were simply the first in a very large market that other enterprises had failed to identify and capitalize on. Thanks to the volume of sales that Amazon enjoys, it is able to offer discounts ranging from 10 to 30% off the prices of books, this means that other websites have to do better than this to be able to compete with Amazon pricing. Comparing the prices of books and CDs on Amazon to those on other websites is a tedious process that most people are willing to forgo and stick with just Amazon instead (Lewis, 2005). Anyone willing to go through this would have to be under serious financial constraints and in that case, they become vulnerable to websites that claim to offer original books and CDs that may actually be pirated. Since expanding its catalogue to include more than books, there’s little that one cannot find on Amazon as far as frequent and regular purchases go. Notable exceptions are liquor and tobacco, which cannot be bought on the website. This means that the average Amazon consumer in America today has little reason to consider other online merchants, most of who also don’t sellShow MoreRelatedHow Promotions And Advertisements Have On The Choices Of Brand2253 Words   |  10 Pagesshown as below: 1. Whether consumers’ reaction to marketing mix variate alters with the time? For example, as time flies, would the consumers become more allergic to the prices? Besides, whether the number of those consumers who are very allergic to the product prices would increase or not? 2. If there were changes in the prices allergy, what would be the main reasons for that? For example, is the decline of advertisements costs or the increase of promotions influences consumers’ allergic degree towardsRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Amazon1874 Words   |  8 Pages23 years, Amazon has grown into one of the most influential companies in the United States. Based out of Seattle, Washington, Amazon is known primarily as an e-commerce retailer. However, over the past decade they have begun developing technology, maintaining cloud storage, and providing sellers and customers with multiple services. Opportunities A contributing factor in Amazon’s growth is the change in consumer’s behavior. Amazon is benefiting from the spike in online shopping as opposed to customersRead MoreGlobal Business: International Business Concepts Theories - Impact of Globalisation on Retail in Australia2525 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿ESSAY International Business Concepts Theories This paper references two recent newspaper articles, which focus on the rise of online retail in Australia and the decision of global retail giants to enter the Australian marketplace respectively. The paper aims to identify and discuss the implications for the Australian government, Australian businesses, particularly within the retail sector, as well as implications for international businesses which have been highlighted through these articlesRead MoreStrategic Analysis Of Zappos.com : Strategic Analysis3424 Words   |  14 PagesStrategic Analysis of Zappos.com Zappos.com, established in 1999, has rapidly become a strong competitor in online apparel and footwear sales. With the original corporate vison of offering the absolute best selection in shoes; the vision has evolved over the past several years to include the goal of being the retailer that â€Å"provides the absolute best service online -- not just in shoes, but in any category† (Zappos, 2014). The online retailer stocks millions of reasonably priced footwear products;Read MoreHow New Media Can Not Be Easily Defined And The Term Changes Daily1566 Words   |  7 Pageseasily defined and the term changes daily. It involves anything that is related to the internet and the relationship between technology, images, and sound. It is something that is vastly used in our generation and used throughout the world. New media has completely changed the way people lived and continues to evolve daily. Before there was ever a term called new media, old media or print media was flourishing in our society. Print media includes anything light and portable from books to newspapersRead MoreConsumer Behavior : Avatar the Movie3709 Words   |  15 PagesExecutive summary This report analyses the reasons behind the success of the movie Avatar. Focusing on elements of consumer behavior, which led to a mass following of the movie worldwide. An analysis will be undertaken and recommendations will be given for the industry and future releases. Table of Contents 1.IntroductionPage 4 2. Consumer Identity Page 5 2.1 Consumer decision process Page 5 2.2 Self Esteem Page 6 2.3 Virtual Identity Page 7 2.4 Sexual Identity Page 8 3. CultureRead MoreA Microeconomic Analysis of Indian Retail Industry3316 Words   |  14 Pagesjust the facts, we have tried to understand the modern retail sector from an economist’s point of view and visualize its future-whether it is in its expansion or contraction phase. Motivated by the rising per-capita incomes and increased spending on consumer goods, modern retail stores are coming up with new strategies and plans to unlock the Pandora box of the untapped and unorganized retail sector. In the course of the report, we try to find out – how the retail sector works, major regulations thatRead MoreThe Impact of the Internet on Market Structure8084 Words   |  33 Pagesanalyse the impact of e-business on organizations. The mission of the PwCIESE e-business Center is to be an international benchmark for companies and universities in the development and communication of new ideas. Based on this mission, the Center has set itself five basic goals: 1) Gather material on â€Å"best practices† and â€Å"next practices† in e-business. 2) Develop a conceptual framework that will help enable the world of business to understand and control the impact of the Internet andRead MoreThe E Commerce Industry3776 Words   |  16 Pageswhat this means for the future of online exchange, or E-commerce. It is said that by 2016, the web will impact purchase decisions of sales totaling $2 trillion. This is over half of all retail transactions (van Bommel et.al.). Digital strategy is no longer something that can be overlooked, an extra tool for a company to take advantage of if they have the time, it is a key marketing driver in our technologically dependent society. The E-commerce industry as a whole has only been possible since commercialRead MoreImpact Of Social Media On Online Consumer Behavior2984 Words   |  12 PagesMedia on Online Consumer Behavior By ANKIT YADAV A3104613016 B.COM(HONS.) Class of 2013-16 Under the Supervision of Ms. Puneeta Goel ACCF AMITY COLLEGE OF COMMERCE AND FINANCE AMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH SECTOR 125, NOIDA - 201303, UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA DECLARATION I, ANKIT YADAV of B.com(hons.) from Amity school of commerce and finance, Amity University Uttar Pradesh declare that I have completed my research paper on â€Å"Impact of Social Media on Online Consumer Behavior†. In additional

The Main Causes And Prevention Strategies Of Homelessness

Abstract: The main causes and prevention strategies of homelessness are briefly explained in this paper. The main cause of homelessness for the past 20-25 years is Poverty and Foreclosure, they are discussed in detail in this paper. Some strategies to stop homelessness are also discussed clearly. In this paper, we explicitly have discussed about the various measures to eradicate the homelessness and poverty. Introduction: Poverty: There are many people around the world who lack basic amenities like food, shelter and clothing. These amenities are not available for many people in this world. The depravity of these amenities is making many people go homeless. The lacking amenities have brought many people below the lowest economic standards. To get a good grip on the poverty, we define a poverty line which differentiates the people above the basic economic and below the economic line. Poverty has led to many devastating effects among which homelessness and eroding work opportunities are the primary concerns of the property. Homelessness and neediness are inseparably interfaced. The destitute are regularly not able to pay for lodging, nourishment, childcare, health awareness, and training. Troublesome decisions must be made when restricted assets cover just some of these necessities. Regularly it is lodging, which ingests a high extent of pay that must be dropped. On the off chance that you are poor, you are basic ally an ailment, a mischance, or a paycheck far fromShow MoreRelatedThe Main Causes And Prevention Strategies Of Homelessness1193 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract The main causes and prevention strategies of homelessness are briefly explained in this paper. The main cause of homelessness for the past 20-25 years is Poverty and Foreclosure, they are discussed in detail in this paper. Some strategies to stop homelessness are also discussed clearly. In this paper, we explicitly have discussed about the various measures to eradicate the homelessness and poverty. Introduction Homelessness is described as the state where people are deprivedRead MoreOffice Of Columbi A Policy Analysis Team Essay1600 Words   |  7 PagesBowser is confident that resolving homelessness in the nation’s capital within the next four years is an achievable end. Stakeholders DC’s Mayor Muriel Bowser is very committed to â€Å"ending long-term homelessness in the District of Columbia†. The mayor and her team believe that the administration’s plan for homelessness is ambitious but achievable. The plan aims at cultivating partnerships with non-profit providers, advocates, persons experiencing homelessness, business partners, and the philanthropicRead MoreMayor Schells Zero Homeless Family Pledge1240 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: 2 Policy Choices: 2 Pre Implementation and Design Strategies 4 Steps Taken to Reengineer the Program 4 Importance of Conducting Assessments Prior to Implementation 5 References: 6 Abstract: The paper discusses Mayors Schells zero homeless family pledge. Mayor Schell was determined to eliminate the homelessness in Seattle when he became the mayor in 1998, to achieve his mission he and his team came up with some strategies and restructuring which are discussed in the paper. Read MoreThe Emotional, Social, And Academic Effects Of Homelessness On Children1291 Words   |  6 Pageseffects of homelessness on children Hardly a day in life goes by without seeing a homeless child trying to survive, especially in developing countries. Unwanted sightings of homeless children happen every day both in developed and underdeveloped countries. The increase in divorce and trend in cohabitation has led to an increasing number of children being homeless. As stated in the â€Å" Homeless Facts Children and Homelessness - Some Facts conducted by the Committee on Temporary Shelter, homelessness is ofRead MoreHomelessness And The United Kingdom1747 Words   |  7 PagesHomelessness has been a globalised concern for centuries. In United Kingdom homelessness predominantly describes in the lines homeless legislation such the Housing Act (2004) and Homeless persons Act (2002) Burrows, Pleace and Quilgars, (2004). This in predominantly surrounding who is perceived as homeless based certain criteria whereby the individual cannot be intentional homeless. However, priority is given to women who have children and women who are vulnerable, in cases such as domestic violenceRead MoreThe Policy And Actions That Can Be Taken For End The Homelessness Issue1521 Words   |  7 Pages The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the policy and actions that can be taken to end the homelessness issue. Homeless is a serious multi-faceted issue that requires the involvement of many agencies, policymakers, governments and faith-organizations. Having no home is a miserable experience, causing health problems, exacerbating existing health problems, and complicating treatment.   It is so difficult to find a safe place to stay, obtain enough food, keep clean, and stay outRead MoreSubstance Abuse Within The Community3198 Words   |  13 Pagesfocused on within the community. Three Causes Of The Drug Problem Within The Community: Particularly, within the homeless population, substance abuse can be cited as either a cause or as a result (Substance Abuse and Homelessness, 2009). On one hand, it has been proven that addictive disorders disrupt relationships with family and friends and often cause people to lose their jobs, leading them to the path of becoming homeless (Substance Abuse and Homelessness, 2009). However, on the other handRead MoreA Society Without Drugs1263 Words   |  6 Pages(CBS news). The second-most abused category of drugs after marijuana among young people is the usage of prescription drugs (CBS news). Prescription drug abuse is the Nation s fastest-growing drug problem, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has classified prescription drug abuse as an epidemic. Misuse of prescription drugs is seen mostly among teens, and they believe these substances are safer than illicit drugs because they are prescribed by a healthcare professional and dispensedRead MoreChronic Homelessnes s : Homeless And Homeless1778 Words   |  8 Pages Natalie Arola Ms. Madson College Prep Composition Chronic Homelessness In 2010, approximately 107,289 were chronically homeless. The national decrease in chronic homelessness was only about 10.6% from 2008 to 2009. Most people may not realize the difference between being homeless and being chronically homeless. However, these two are very similar but also very different. According to the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), â€Å"chronically homeless individuals areRead MoreThe Issue At Hand Is Not The Dropout Age946 Words   |  4 PagesMain Cause After analyzing the bill, considering other factors that lead to dropout and the results of dropping out, we came to the conclusion that the issue at hand is not the dropout age. The ultimate cause for this issue is actually the way that the education system is setup. Primarily, schools are ran on the assumption that everyone around the same age is on the same level, can learn in the same ways and at the same rate. Also, each level of education is in preparation for the next level of education

Incarceration vs Rehabilitation Free Essays

Incarceration vs. Rehabilitation Over the past few decades, American juvenile justice policy has become progressively more disciplinary, as shown by the increasing harsh nature of the tempers imposed on juveniles who have been judged delinquent or guilty, as well as by the marked increase in the number of states in which juveniles can be tried During the 1990s, in particular, legislatures across the country enacted statutes under which growing numbers of youths can be prosecuted in criminal courts and sentenced to prison. Indeed, today, in almost every state juvenile from ages 13 to 14 or less can be tried and punished as adults for a broad range of offenses, including nonviolent crimes. We will write a custom essay sample on Incarceration vs Rehabilitation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Even within the juvenile system, punishments have grown increasingly severe. It is generally accepted that intense public concern about the threat of youth crime has driven this trend, and that the public supports this legislative inclination toward increased correctiveness. And yet, it is not clear whether this view of the public’s attitude about the appropriate response to juvenile crime is accurate. On the one hand, various opinion surveys have found public support generally for getting tougher on juvenile crime and punishing youths as harshly as their adult counterparts. At the same time, however, study of the sources of information about public opinion reveals that the view that the public supports adult punishment of juveniles is based largely on either responses to highly publicized crimes such as school shootings or on mass opinion polls that typically ask a few simple questions. For example, several surveys have found public support for rehabilitation as a goal of juvenile justice policy and also for agreements and programs that are alternatives to prison. One survey found that participants thought that school discipline, rather than imprisonment, was the best way to reduce juvenile crime. It is quite possible that assessments of public emotion about juvenile crime, and the appropriate response to it, vary greatly as a function of when and how public opinion is determined. An assessment of the public’s support for various responses to juvenile offending is important because policymakers often justify outflows for disciplinary juvenile justice reforms on the basis of popular demand for tougher policies. Disciplinary responses to juvenile crime are far more expensive than less harsh alternatives. Further, there is little evidence that these more corrective policies are more effective in deterring future criminal activity. How to cite Incarceration vs Rehabilitation, Essay examples

Funding Complete Correspondences Address †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Funding Complete Correspondences Address? Answer: Introducation Organization change management, simply put as OCM, deals with the effects of new changes in an organization. OCM is an effective way to deal with managing change from both the organizations point of view and the individual (Armenakis, 1999). OCM incorporates strategies that redirect and reclassify the utilization of assets or different modes of operation that significantly change an organization. It takes the firm into consideration and what requirements that need to be changed while it may be utilized exclusively to refer to how individuals and groups are influenced by such transition in the organization. Many people are resistant to change. Once an individual has adapted to his environment, they are afraid of making any changes in their life, whether personally or professionally. However, change is good for a persons growth and its inevitable encounter that they do not have the power to change. Some individualsome up with different approaches to dealing with changes. These approaches have been applied to organizations with the aim of dealing with change, and they have been proven effective(Waterman, (1980)).A systematic approach to OCM is useful when change requires individuals in an organization to learn new practices and skills. By setting expectations, utilizing tools to enhance communication, looking for approaches to diminish misinformation, stakeholders will probably get tied up with a change at first and remain committed to the change all through any discomfort related to it. For a successful change management in an organization, certain strategies must be followed. They include; Having common vision for change Strong official authority to communicate the vision Techniques of educating employees about how their daily routine will change A solid arrangement that will gauge whether the change was a success or not Rewards that urges people to take ownership of their roles and obligations B.R. Richardson Timber Products Corporation deals with timber and lamination and is located in Papoose, Orengo. The employees morale reduces which in turn affected their productiveness, which is dangerous for any business since the productiveness and effectiveness of employees determine the profit or loss made by a company(Ashkenas, (1995)). A professor by the name Jack Lawler and some of his students, at a local university, were asked to train employees at B.R. Richardson for the organizations development. The company is made up of four branches located in four different geographical locations. It is a timber factory and is as well involved in lamination works. Their timber purchases are made from Forest Services and other Orengo companies. Lack of a Human Resource Management department in the company meant that the employees welfare, like benefits, wages, and safety were not maintained which may have contributed to their loss of morale in work. Communication between staff was also poor, and senior executives did their work with regard of how their actions affect other departments(Waddell, (2013)). Employees were overworked, and those injured were not compensated for them lose nor given a period to rest and heal. There were also no common goals set that could be achieved by all staff members together. This report identifies the issues at B.R. Richardson that may have contributed to productivity reduction of employees and their morale, how they impacted the organization, interventions for the organization and what strategies to be used to ensure a successful implementation of organization development in B.R. Richardson. The report also discussed different approaches used in organizational change management and what approach was most effective to use in the B.R. Richardson case and how this approach affected the firm. The report states the areas that were investigated in the B.R. Richardson case study. Some of the complaint raised was, Overworking of employees Poor pay Lack of management communication. Professor Lawler was employees to teach employees, and it was a success. Issues at B.R. Richardson Timber Products Corporation Mr. Richard Bowman, the Industrial Relations Manager, contacted professor jack Lawler, after being referred to him(Sturdy, (2003)). Lawler agreed to train the employees at B.R. Richardson after a meeting with the organizations president Mr. Ben Richardson. After conducting a diagnosis, in his letter to both Richardson and Bowman, Lawler presented them with alternatives to consider, and once the decision was made, Lawler and two of his students gathered information, analyze it and present it to Richardson with a solution included. Some of the problems noted during this diagnosis were; Overtime Laborers were being overworked over their limits. They were pushed to work for extra hours, which was disappointing and dissatisfying to employees. The defenseless were more vulnerable to fatal accidents. Communication There was no effective communication between the senior executives, and if there were changes in agendas, information would not have transmitted to all or would have been misinterpreted. The lower leveled management was also not included in the decision-making of the company. Lack of communication also resulted to the branches not having same goals and visions thus making tasks to collaborate with them difficult. Health and safety The wellbeing and security of employees were some of the issues identified. Laborers working with backaches and broken body parts were a cause for low morale in employees, hence bringing down the firms reputation. Systems and structures. The systems were outdated, under working and hazardous in contrast to their competitors. Employees complained about the nature of the machines and the desire of administration to give the best possible equipment. The systems were operated manually and required a lot of workforce by the laborers which caused harming of employees and at some extent, death. This cost the firm's money, employees and lives since there was no optimization of resources at B.R. Richardson. Human resource management department Lack of a human resource manager to cater for employees welfare lead to the dissatisfaction of employees, who in turn did not effectively perform their tasks. Turnover This was instigated by lack of start and introduction of employees to work design before directing laborers to the occupation. Goal setting and strategies There were no strategies that could be optimized to address long-term profitability. The organization only concentrated on the daily activities with no sense of direction of what they want to achieve in future. There were also no goals set for all staff members as a whole to achieve together. This reduced the development of values within the firm. Teamwork and skills Employees did not work as a team. This decreased the development of organizations goals that are meant to be achieved by all. Although they were loyal employees with skills to perform jobs in the firm, lack of protective gears inhibited them from working effectively and efficiently. There was also a skill gap between the most skilled laborers and those that were not highly skilled. Approaches and strategies to managing changes in an organization. Once an organization identifies problems in its performance, it introduces changes that aim at rectifying them. There are different approaches used by different firms to ensure the smooth transition to the changes, and minimize the chances of change resistance by the staff members(Warkotsch, (1994)). Some of these change management approaches include: Lewin's change management model This model was designed by Kurt Lewin, a physicist, and social research, in 1950s. he comes up with this idea using the changes in which a piece of ice undergoes through. Three principle stages are followed in this model; Unfreeze- this was the first stage, and Lewin believed it involved the preparation of a change Change this was when the actual change took place, and new happenings are embarrassed. Refreeze Lewin believed that once the change is accepted and embraced, people become stable again. The sense of stability is once again maintained, and laborers get comfortable. Kotters change management theory John P. Kotter came up with this hypothesis. It has eight phases, and each one of them focuses on key rule related with how people relate and react to change. These steps are; Urgency Team building Get vision correct Effective communication Get this moving Step by step goal focusing Not giving up Incorporate change McKinsey 7s Model McKinsey and company consultants developed this model in 1980.Lawler utilized this approach while implementing change and training of employees at B.R. Richardson. It is the most appropriate approach since it allowed Lawler to analyze information he gathered and easily categorized it appropriately. This approach involves seven steps, i.e., Strategy These are the activities that were undertaken by the company during change management. There was no clear plan the guided the firm in addressing a long-term achievement rather the firm work on a daily basis and achieving short-term basis. This model helps in strategy making in the company which in turn will give them a competitive advantage over rivals. Structure This refers to the allocation of duties and responsibilities among staff member to ensure that all jobs are done efficiently and effectively. This model will ensure that every worker is allocated tasks according to their skill level. Systems Systems at B.R. Richardson were outdated and manually operated. Changes in these machines will help the company greatly. It is important for them to invest in quality equipment. Style At B.R. Richardson, the administration and administration style was exceptionally involving and legitimate. Regularly supervisors were compelled to fill in around the firm because of frequent absences of the forefront staff. Leadership was to a great extent insufficient because of the threatening style that fell from upper management. Staff Auditing the staff of B.R. Richardson's cover plant uncovered that a larger part of the company was delegated as blue collar versus white collar. The turnover rate was also high. Employees did not cooperate with groups, which impeded the advancement of shared values inside the firm. Skills At B.R. Richardson, there were strong abilities inside the organization, for example, cutting, sticking, also, processing; however, there was numerous skills gap inside the company. Wellbeing at the firm was at an inadmissible level, given the number of mishaps including a recent casualty. Shared values This model aims at an understanding of how the organization works and integrates components necessary for changes. However, should one part of this approach be neglected, the whole system fails. Actions Necessary Change main aim is the introduction of new methods and systems in a business or implement existing strategies and systems to enhance work(Eisenbach, (1999)). These changes may be triggered by the outside world (external environment) or from within the organization (internal environment). Simple strategies that may be followed in resolving organizational change management in B.R. Richardson include; Scope change This is the stage where an organization identifies where it is now.' The management should assess what they do, how they do it, effects of what they do and the results of their actions. They should identify areas of weakness in their systems and strategies. The management should also communicate with their employees regarding these changes and how that will affect their day-to-day activities. Their positive and negative results should also be communicated. Setting goals and visions In this stage, the management should come up with long-term goals and visions that they hope to achieve, how they will achieve this goal, the deadline in which these goals should be met and who will be involved in this journey. They should involve every staff member at B.R. Richardson while the setting of these visions, by involving them, new ideas may come up, and the needs of every hierarchical level of management at the firm will be considered and catered for. Commitment B.R. Richardson should address the terms and concepts of these changes and who will be affected by these changes. Strategies set to achieve the set goals and visions should be designed, processed and also be discussed to everyone. Skills of present employees should be analyzed and each of the employees placed in their most appropriate section to ensure that their skills are fully utilized for the benefit of the organization. Implementation At this stage, the real change is enforced. The skills discovered should be utilized to ensure a smooth transition into these changes. New ideologies, technologies, and rewards should be introduced. Sustaining change Organization should look back, review the success, and determine if strategies followed are good for the organization or if there changes to be made. It is important to keep a tab on all staff members to ensure that their wellbeing is catered for and they are happy. Recommendation B.R. Richardson is advised to follow the McKinsey 7s Model to monitor its employees and all staff members. Creating of short and long-term goals will help them optimize the employees potential and skills, which will benefit not only the company but also the employees. It is also important for the senior executives to come up with strategies that will motivate the employees in working willing and also increase their morale. This will ensure the productivity of the company will improve. Conclusion Lawler utilized the McKinsey 7s Model while analyzing B.R. Richardson. The seven related elements comprising of both hard and soft components were considered. B.R. Richardson was most certainly not working at the ideal level because of irregularities uncovered by the 7S examination. With Lawler's assistance, B.R. Richardson could start to adjust the inside components to guarantee they all work together to accomplish shared objectives and qualities. Change management strategies should be created and should consider the whole picture as much as reasonably anticipated. References Armenakis, A. A. ((1999)). Organizational change: A review of theory and research in the 1990s. Journal of management,, 25(3), 293-315. Ashkenas, R. ((1995)). The Boundaryless Organization: Breaking the Chains of Organizational Structure. The Jossey-Bass Management Series. 350 Sansome Street, San Francisco, CA 94104: Jossey-Bass, Inc., Publishers. Burns, T. E. ((1961)). The management of innovation. Child, J. ((1972)). Organizational structure, environment and performance: The role of strategic. SAGE Social Science Collections,. Cummings, T. . ((2008)). Organizational development change (9th ed.). Mason: OH: South-Western Cengage Learning . Dawson, P. M. ((1994)). on organisational change. Eisenbach, R. W. ((1999)). Transformational leadership in the context of organizational change. Journal of organizational change management,, 12(2), 80-89. Fernandez, S. . ((2006)). Managing successful organizational change in the public sector. Public administration review, 66(2), 168-176. Johnson, G. ((1987)). Strategic change and the management process. . Blackwell. Mento, A. J. ((2002)). A change management process: Grounded in both theory and practice. Journal of Change Management,, 3(1), 45-59. Nadler, D. A. ((1995)). Discontinuous change: Leading organizational transformation. San Francisco: 350 Sansome Street, San Francisco. Sturdy, A. . ((2003)). Beneath and beyond organizational change management: Exploring alternatives. The organization,, 10(4), 651-662. Tidd, J. B. ((1997)). Managing innovation: integrating technological, market and organizational change. Chichester: Wiley. Todnem By, R. ((2005)). Organisational change management: A critical review. Journal of change management,, 5(4), 369-380. Waddell, D. C. ((2013)). Organisational change: Development and transformation. Cengage Learning. Waterman, R. P. ((1980)). Structure is not organisation. McKinsey . New York. : McKinsey